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Instructions for Authors index   

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Manuscripts as Original Research Paper, Review, Short Communication and Case Reports are invited for peer-review publishing in the Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research (ISSN 2228-7701).

Papers can be in any relevant fields of Animal Sciences (Animal Nutrition, Physiology, Reproduction, Genetics and Breeding, Behavior, Health, Husbandry and its economy, Animal products and Veterinary medicines of domestic animals) and relative topics. The journal does encourage papers with emphasis on the nutritive value and utilization of feeds that is depended to methods of Improvement, Assessment, Conserving and Processing feeds, Agronomic and climatic factors, Metabolic, Production, Reproduction and Health responses to dietary inputs (e.g., Feeds, Feed Additives, Specific Feed Components, Mycotoxins). Also, Mathematical models relating directly to animal-feed interactions, Analytical and experimental methods for Feed Evaluation as well as Animal Production studies with a focus on Animal Nutrition that do have link to a feed (Food Science and Technology) are acceptable relative topics for OJAFR.


Submission

The manuscripts should be submitted using our online submission forms (Scienceline Online Submission Formexternal-link-256 ; OJAFR Online Submission Form). For facile submission, please embed all figures and tables at the end of the manuscript to become one single file for submission. Once submission is complete, the system will generate a manuscript ID and password sent to the author's contact email. If you have any difficulty in submitting the manuscript, kindly send via emails: editors[at]ojafr.com ; editorojafr[at]gmail.com. All manuscripts must be checked (by an English native speaker) and submitted in English for evaluation in a totally confidential and impartial way.


Supplementary information
Author guidelines are specific for each journal. Our
MS Word template can assist you by modifying your page layout, text formatting, headings, title page, image placement, and citations/references such that they agree with the guidelines of the journal. If you believe your article is fully edited per journal style, please use our Word template before submission.
Supplementary materials may include figures, tables, methods, videos, and other materials. They are available online linked to the original published article. Supplementary tables and figures should be labeled with a "S", e.g. "Table S1" and "Figure S1". The maximum file size for supplementary materials is 10MB each. Please keep the files as small as possible to avoid the frustrations experienced by readers with downloading large files.


Submission to the Journal is on the understanding that
1.The article has not been previously published in any other form and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere;
2.All authors have approved the submission and have obtained permission for publishing work.
3.Researchers have proper regard for conservation and animal welfare considerations. Attention is drawn to the 'Guidelines for the Treatment of Animals in Research and Teaching'. Any possible adverse consequences of the work for populations or individual organisms must be weighed against the possible gains in knowledge and its practical applications. If the approval of an ethics committee is required, please provide the name of the committee and the approval number obtained.


Ethics declarations

If experimental research includes animal subjects (involving live vertebrates and/or higher invertebrates), the authors will need to include one of the following appropriate ethics declarations in the Methods section of manuscript.

  1. A statement that identifies the institutional and/or licensing committee that approved the experiments, including any relevant details (e.g. the board/committee names that gave the approval). 
  2. The authors confirm that all experiments were performed in accordance with relevant named guidelines and regulations.
  3. A statement confirms that the authors complied with the ARRIVE guidelines and or the Interdisciplinary Principles and Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Research, Testing, and Education by the New York Academy of Sciences, Ad Hoc Animal Research Committee.


If the manuscript contains photos or parts of photos of patients, informed consent from each patient should be obtained. Patient's identities and privacy should be carefully protected in the manuscript.


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Presentation of the article

Main Format
First page of the manuscripts must be properly identified by the title and the name(s) of the author(s). It should be typed in Times New Roman (font sizes: 12pt in capitalization for the title and the main text, double spaced, in A4 format with 2cm margins. All pages and lines of the main text should be numbered consecutively throughout the manuscript. The manuscript must be saved in both .doc or .docx formats. Abbreviations in the article title are not allowed except the well known ones.

Manuscripts should be arranged in the following order
a. TITLE (brief, attractive and targeted)
b. Name(s) and Affiliation(s) of author(s) (including postcode) and corresponding Email
c. ABSTRACT
d. Key words (separate by semicolons; or comma,)
e. Abbreviations (used in the manuscript)
f.  INTRODUCTION
g. MATERIALS AND METHODS
h. RESULTS
i.  DISCUSSION
                      The sections "RESULTS AND DISCUSSION" can be presented jointly.
j.  CONCLUSION                     The sections "DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION"
can be presented jointly.

k. DECLARATIONS
1. REFERENCES
m. Tables
n.
Figures


Article Sections Format

Title should be a brief phrase describing the contents of the paper. Title Page should include full names and affiliations of the author(s), the name of the corresponding author along with phone and Email information. Present address(es) of the author(s) should appear as a footnote.

Abstract should be informative and completely self-explanatory, briefly present the topic, state the scope of the experiments, indicate significant data, and point out major findings and conclusions. The abstract should be 150 to 300 words in length. Complete sentences, active verbs, and the third person should be used, and the abstract should be written in the past tense. Standard nomenclature should be used and abbreviations should be avoided. No literature should be cited.

Following the abstract, about 3 to 7 key words should be listed.

Introduction should provide a clear statement of the problem, the relevant literature on the subject, and the proposed approach or solution. It should be understandable to colleagues from a broad range of scientific disciplines.

Materials and Methods should be complete enough to allow experiments to be reproduced. However, only truly new procedures should be described in detail; previously published procedures should be cited, and important modifications of published procedures should be mentioned briefly. The appropriate controls and citations should be mentioned. The source of each reagent should be listed. Try to remove excess information without affecting the interpretation of the results. Capitalize trade names and include the manufacturer's name and address. Subheadings should be used. Methods in general use need not be described in detail.

Results should be presented with clarity and precision. The results should be written in the past tense when describing findings in the author(s)'s experiments. Previously published findings should be written in the present tense. Results should be explained, but largely without referring to the literature. Discussion, speculation and detailed interpretation of data should not be included in the results but should be put into the discussion section.

Discussion should interpret the findings in view of the results obtained in this and in past studies on this topic. State the conclusions in a few sentences at the end of the paper. The Results and Discussion sections can include subheadings, and when appropriate, both sections can be combined.

Conclusion should be brief and tight, providing a few specific tasks to accomplish: 1-Re-assert/Reinforce the Thesis; 2-Review the Main Points; 3- Close Effectively. The Conclusion section should not be similar to the Abstract content.

Declarations including Ethics, Consent to publish, Competing interests, Authors' contributions, and Availability of data and materials are necessary.

Acknowledgments of persons, grants, funds, etc should be brief.

Tables should be kept to a minimum and be designed to be as simple as possible. Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables are to be typed double-spaced throughout, including headings and footnotes. Each table should be on a separate page, numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals and supplied with a heading and a legend. Tables should be self-explanatory without reference to the text. The details of the methods used in the experiments should preferably be described in the legend instead of in the text. The same data should not be presented in both table and graph forms or repeated in the text.

The Figure legends should be typed in numerical order on a separate sheet. Graphics should be prepared using applications capable of generating high resolution GIF, TIFF, JPEG or PowerPoint before pasting in the Microsoft Word manuscript file. Use Arabic numerals to designate figures and upper case letters for their parts (Figure 1). Begin each legend with a title and include sufficient description so that the figure is understandable without reading the text of the manuscript. Information given in legends should not be repeated in the text.


DECLARATIONS

Please ensure that the sections:
-Ethics (and consent to participate)
-Consent to publish
-Competing interests
-Authors' contributions
-Availability of data and materials
are included at the end of your manuscript in a Declarations section.

Consent to Publish
Please include a ‘Consent for publication’ section in your manuscript. If your manuscript contains any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images or videos), consent to publish must be obtained from that person, or in the case of children, their parent or legal guardian. All presentations of case reports must have consent to publish. You can use your institutional consent form or our consent form if you prefer. You should not send the form to us on submission, but we may request to see a copy at any stage (including after publication). If your manuscript does not contain any individual person's data, please state “Not applicable” in this section.

Authors’ Contributions
For manuscripts with more than one author, OJAFR requires an Authors' Contributions section to be placed after the Competing Interests section. An 'author' is generally considered to be someone who has made substantive intellectual contributions to a published study. To qualify as an author one should 1) have made substantial contributions to conception and design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) have been involved in drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and 3) have given final approval of the version to be published. Each author should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content. Acquisition of funding, collection of data, or general supervision of the research group, alone, does not justify authorship.
We suggest the following format (please use initials to refer to each author's contribution): AB carried out the molecular genetic studies, participated in the sequence alignment and drafted the manuscript. JY carried out the immunoassays. MT participated in the sequence alignment. ES participated in the design of the study and performed the statistical analysis. FG conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

For authors that equally participated in a study please write 'All/Both authors contributed equally to this work.' Contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be listed in an acknowledgements section.

Competing Interests
Competing interests that might interfere with the objective presentation of the research findings contained in the manuscript should be declared in a paragraph heading "Competing interests" (after Acknowledgement section and before References). Examples of competing interests are ownership of stock in a company, commercial grants, board membership, etc. If there is no competing interest, please use the statement "The authors declare that they have no competing interests.".
altOnline Journal of Animal and Feed Research adheres to the definition of authorship set up by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). According to the ICMJE authorship criteria should be based on 1) substantial contributions to conception and design of, or acquisition of data or analysis and interpretation of data, 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content and 3) final approval of the version to be published. Authors should meet conditions 1, 2 and 3.
It is a requirement that all authors have been accredited as appropriate upon submission of the manuscript. Contributors who do not qualify as authors should be mentioned under Acknowledgements.

Change in authorship
We do not allow any change in authorship after provisional acceptance. We cannot allow any addition, deletion or change in the sequence of author names. We have this policy to prevent fraud.

Acknowledgements
We strongly encourage you to include an Acknowledgements section between the Authors’ contributions section and Reference list. Please acknowledge anyone who contributed towards the study by making substantial contributions to conception, design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, or who was involved in drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content, but who does not meet the criteria for authorship. Please also include their source(s) of funding. Please also acknowledge anyone who contributed materials essential for the study.
Authors should obtain permission to acknowledge from all those mentioned in the Acknowledgements. Please list the source(s) of funding for the study, for each author, and for the manuscript preparation in the acknowledgements section. Authors must describe the role of the funding body, if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Data Deposition
Nucleic acid sequences, protein sequences, and atomic coordinates should be deposited in an appropriate database in time for the accession number to be included in the published article. In computational studies where the sequence information is unacceptable for inclusion in databases because of lack of experimental validation, the sequences must be published as an additional file with the article.


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REFERENCES

OJAFR initially accepts the manuscripts in PDF, Word or TeX/LaTeX formats; Word files are preferred, especially those prepared using EndNote®. However, our team will reformat the articles of non-EndNote users via EndNote in the galley proof stage, if accepted.

An OJAFR reference style for EndNote may be found here.

How to install additional styles? Please click here
How to turn on "Jumping" from a citation to the bibliography? Please click here

  1. All references to publications made in the text should be presented in a list with their full bibliographical description.
  2. In the text, a reference identified by means of an author‘s name should be followed by the date of the reference in parentheses. When there are more than two authors, only the first author‘s surname should be mentioned, followed by ’et al‘. In the event that an author cited has had two or more works published during the same year, the reference, both in the text and in the reference list, should be identified by a lowercase letter like ’a‘ and ’b‘ after the date to distinguish the works.
  3. References in the text should be arranged chronologically (e.g. Kelebeni, 1983; Usman and Smith, 1992 and Agindotan et al., 2003). 'et al.' should not be italic. The list of references should be arranged alphabetically on author's surnames, and chronologically per author. If an author's name in the list is also mentioned with co-authors, the following order should be used: Publications of the single author, arranged according to publication dates - publications of the same author with one co-author - publications of the author with more than one co-author. Publications by the same author(s) in the same year should be listed as 1992a, l992b,etc.
  4. Names of authors and titles of journals published in non-Latin alphabets should be transliterated in English.
  5. A sample of standard reference is "1th Author surname A, 2nd Author surname B and 3rd Author surname C (2013). Article title should be regular, in sentence case form, and 9 pt. Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research, Volume No. (Issue No.): 00-00."  (Journal titles should be full and not italic.)
  6. If available please add DOI numbers or the link of articles at the end of each reference.

Examples (at the text)
Abayomi (2000), Agindotan et al. (2003), (Kelebeni, 1983), (Usman and Smith, 1992), (Chege, 1998; Chukwura, 1987a,b; Tijani, 1993,1995), (Kumasi et al., 2001).

Examples (at references section)
a) For journal
Graulet B (2014). Ruminant milk: A source of vitamins in human nutrition. Animal Frontiers, 4(2):24-30. Link, DOI
Miller BA and Lu CD (2019). Current status of global dairy goat production: An overview. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 32(8): 1219. Link, DOI
Xu P, Zhang Z, Peng P, Yang J, Li X, Yuan T, et al. (2022). Study on vacuum drying kinetics and processing of the Lonicera japonica Thunb. aqueous extracts. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 167: 1-9. Link, DOI

b) For symposia reports and abstracts
Cruz EM, Almatar S, Aludul EK and Al-Yaqout A (2000). Preliminary Studies on the Performance and Feeding Behaviour of Silver Pomfret (Pampus argentens euphrasen) Fingerlings fed with Commercial Feed and Reared in Fibreglass Tanks. Asian Fisheries Society Manila, Philippine, 13: 191-199. Link, DOI

c) For edited symposia, special issues, etc., published in a journal
Korevaar H (1992). The nitrogen balance on intensive Dutch dairy farms: a review. In: A. A. Jongebreur et al. (Editors), Effects of Cattle and Pig Production Systems on the Environment: Livestock Production Science, 31: 17-27. Link, DOI

d) For books
AOAC (1990). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis, 15th Edition. Washington D.C. pp. 69-88. Link, DOI

Pelczar JR, Harley JP, Klein DA (1993). Microbiology: Concepts and Applications. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, pp. 591-603. Link, DOI

e) Books, containing sections written by different authors
Kunev M (1979). Pig Fattening. In: A. Alexiev (Editor), Farm Animal Feeding. Vol. III. Feeding of Different Animal Species, Zemizdat, Sofia, p. 233-243 (Bg). Link, DOI
In referring to a personal communication the two words are followed by the year, e.g. (Brown, J. M., personal communication, 1982). In this case initials are given in the text. Where available, URLs for the references should be provided.

Formulae, numbers and symbols
  1. Typewritten formulae are preferred. Subscripts and superscripts are important. Check disparities between zero (0) and the letter (0 vs. O), and between one (1) and the letter I (1 vs. I).
  2. Describe all symbols immediately after the equation in which they are first used.
  3. For simple fractions, use the solidus (/), e.g. 10 /38.
  4. Equations should be presented into parentheses on the right-hand side, in tandem.
  5. Levels of statistical significance which can be used without further explanations are *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P<0.001.
  6. In the English articles, a decimal point should be used instead of a decimal comma.
  7. Use Symbol fonts for "±"; "≤" and "≥" (avoid underline).
  8. In chemical formulae, valence of ions should be given, e.g. Ca2+ and CO32-, not as Ca++ or CO3.
  9. Numbers up to 10 should be written in the text by words. Numbers above 1000 are recommended to be given as 10 powered x.
  10. Greek letters should be explained in the margins with their names as follows: Αα - alpha, Ββ - beta, Γγ - gamma, Δδ - delta, Εε - epsilon, Ζζ - zeta, Ηη - eta, Θθ - theta, Ιι - iota, Κκ - kappa, Λλ - lambda, Μμ - mu, Νν - nu, Ξξ - xi, Οο - omicron, Ππ - pi, Ρρ - rho, Σσ - sigma, Ττ - tau, Υυ - ipsilon, Φφ - phi, Χχ - chi, Ψψ - psi, Ωω - omega. Please avoid using math equations in Word whenever possible, as they have to be replaced by images in xml full text.

Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be presented in one paragraph, in the format: "term: definition". Please separate the items by ";".
E.g. ANN: artificial neural network; CFS: closed form solution; ...

On first using an abbreviation, place it in parentheses after the full item. Very common abbreviations such as LDL, HDL, RNA, need not be defined. Note these abbreviations: gram g; litre l; milligram mg; kilogram kg; kilojoule kJ; megajoule MJ; weight wt; seconds s; minutes min; hours h. Do not add ‘s’ for plural units.  Terms used less than four times should not be abbreviated.


1177-_oil_and_fat_collection_across_Asia-PacificGraphical Abstract
Authors of accepted articles should provide a graphical abstract (a beautifully designed feature figure) to represent the paper aiming to catch the attention and interest of readers. Graphical abstract will be published online in the table of content. The graphical abstract should be colored, and kept within an area of 12 cm (width) × 6 cm (height) or with similar format. Image should have a minimum resolution of 300 dpi and line art 1200dpi.

Note: Height of the image should be no more than the width. Please avoid putting too much information into the graphical abstract as it occupies only a small space. Authors can provide the graphical abstract in the format of PDF, Word, PowerPoint, jpg, or png, after a manuscript is accepted for publication.

If you have decided to provide a Professional Graphical Abstract, please click here.


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Review/Decisions/Processing


Firstly, all manuscripts will be checked by one of the plagiarism finding tools (iThenticate and or ​Turnitin). A double-blind reviewing model is used by OJAFR for non-plagiarized papers. The manuscript is edited by the English language editor and checked by at least 2 reviewers at least 2 reviewers who are not part of the journal’s editorial staff and mostly suggested by section editors. Manuscripts that are judged to be of insufficient quality or unlikely to be competitive enough for publication are returned to the authors at the initial stage.
We always try to avoid delays in the reviewing process, but it relies on the time and cooperation of the referees that works without any remuneration, hence, it may take 2 weeks to 2 months. One unfavorable review means that the paper will not be published and possible decisions are: accept as is, minor revision, major revision, or reject.  The corresponding authors should submit back their revisions within 14 days in the case of minor revision, or 30 days in the case of major revision.

To submit a revision please click here, fill out the form, and mark "Revised", mention the article code (for example OJAFR-1108), attach the revision (MS word) and continue submission. Manuscripts with significant results are typically reviewed and published at the highest priority. After review and editing the article, a final formatted proof is sent to the corresponding author once again to apply all suggested corrections during the article process. The editor who received the final revisions from the corresponding authors shall not be held responsible for any mistakes shown in the final publication.

Language editing

No paper will be rejected for poor language. However, if you would like assistance with writing your manuscript, you can consider asking colleagues for their input and/or use a professional editing service such as those provided by our affiliates American Journal Experts (USA) and or London Proofreaders (UK). In addition, we may offer a Scienceline service (English editing, additional scientific editing, and translation) in a modest fee, for those articles that are in the revision stage, upon request. For more information please visit here. The use of a language editing service has no bearing on editorial decisions and is not a requirement for publication.


Plagiarism
There is an instant policy towards plagiarism (including self-plagiarism) in our journals. Manuscripts (main text not including references list and title page) are screened for plagiarism by
iThenticate and or ​Turnitin), with default sensitivity before or during publication, and if found they will be rejected at any stage of processing.

Declaration
After the manuscript is accepted for publication, a declaration form will be sent to the corresponding author who is responsible for coauthors' agreements to publication of submitted work in OJAFR after any amendments arising from the peer review. All the authors should also approve any change in authorship (i.e., adding, removing or reordering existing authors) after initial submission. Authors should determine the order of authorship among themselves. In addition, any alterations must be clarified to the Editor/Editor-in-chief via the Authorship Agreement Form. For more information please read Authorship and Authors' Responsibilities.

Date of issue
All accepted articles are published bimonthly around 25th of January, March, May, July, September and November, each year in full text on the Internet.

Publication charges
The publication costs are covered through article processing charges (APCs) and No submission fee, or any other processing fees are required for the publication of the accepted article. There is a modest APC of 180 Euro(€) editor fee for the processing of each primary accepted paper (1000-4000 words) to encourage high-quality submissions. APCs are only charged for articles that pass the pre-publication checks and are ready to be published. A surcharge will be placed on any article that is over 4000 words in length to cover the additional processing costs. We encourage the authors to submit manuscripts with no more than 4000 words (not including Abstract, Methods, References and figure legends). Payment can be made by credit card, bank transfer, money order or check. Instruction for payment is sent during the publication process as soon as the manuscript is accepted. Meanwhile, this journal encourages the academic institutions in low-income countries to publish high quality scientific results, free of charge.

Word count Fee*
1000-4000 words
€180
over 4000 words
€280

* The fees are valid until 30th December 2024.


The Waiver policy
The publication fee will be fully waived for invited authors, authors of hot papers, and corresponding authors who are active editorial board members of the Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research. The Journal will consider requests to waive the fee partially for cases of financial hardship (for high quality manuscripts and upon acceptance for publication). Requests for waiver of the publication fee must be submitted via individual cover letter by the corresponding author and cosigned by an appropriate institutional official to verify that no institutional or grant funds are available for the payment of the fee. Letters including the manuscript title and manuscript ID number should be sent to: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it . It is expected that waiver requests will be processed and authors will be notified within two business days.


The OA policy
Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research is an Open Access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of Open Access.



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Scienceline Language Editing Services
We suggest that authors whose first language is not English have their manuscripts checked by a native English speaker before submission. This is optional, but will help to ensure that any submissions that reach peer review can be judged exclusively on academic merit. We offer a Scienceline service, and suggest that authors contact as appropriate. Please note that use of language editing services is voluntary, and at the author’s own expense. Use of these services does not guarantee that the manuscript will be accepted for publication, nor does it restrict the author to submitting to Scienceline journals. You can send the article/s to the following Emails: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it ; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

For more information about editing services please visit here.

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Submission Preparation Checklist 

Authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to the following guidelines: 

  • -The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in -Comments to the Editor).    

  • -The submission file is in Microsoft Word, RTF, or PDF document file format.    

  • -Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.    

  • -The text is double-spaced; uses a 12-point font; and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.    

  • -The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.   

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(Revised on 6 May 2024)

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